The Ugog series are members of the fine loamy, mixed, mesic family of Typic Hapludults [Cutanic Alisols (Hyperdystric Siltic Chromic) classified by WRB]. These soils have brown gravelly silt loam Ap horizons, brown gravelly silt loam BA horizons, reddish brown gravelly silty clay loam Bt1 horizons, and reddish brown gravelly silty clay loam Bt2 horizons. They are developed on mountain foot slopes derived from acid crystalline materials.

Typifying Pedon: Ugog gravelly loam-red pepper (Colors are for moist soil).

  Slope: 2-7%

  Elevation: 16 m above m.s.l.

  Soil moisture regime: Udic

  Soil temperature regime: Mesic

  Parent material: Alluvium-colluvium from acid crystalline materials

  Diagnostic features: An ochric epipedon from a depth of 0 to 14 cm and an argillic horizon from a depth of 36 to 145 cm (An argic horizon from a depth of 36 to 145 cm by WRB).

  Described by: Song, K. C., D. C. Noh, and S. J. Jung,  14 April, 2010.

Morphological properties of typifying pedon.

Ap - 0 to 14 cm. Brown (7.5YR 4/4) gravelly silt loam; moderate fine to medium granular structure; friable, sticky and plastic; common fine roots; few fine pores; few worm holes; few very fine micas; 15% gravels; gradual smooth boundary.

BA - 14 to 36 cm. Brown (7.5YR 4/4) gravelly silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly firm, very sticky and very plastic; thick patch clay cutans; few very fine roots; common fine pores; few worm holes; 20% gravels; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt1 - 36 to 77 cm. Reddish brown (5YR 4/4) gravelly silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly firm, very sticky and very plastic; thick patch clay cutans; few very fine roots; common fine pores; few worm holes; 25% gravels; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2 - 77 to 145 cm. Reddish brown (5YR 4/4) gravelly silty clay loam; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; friable, very sticky and very plastic; thin continuous clay cutans; no roots; common fine pores; 25% gravels.

  The typifying pedon has an ochric epipedon from a depth of 0 to 14 cm and an argillic horizon from a depth of 36 to 145 cm. It has a base saturation (by sum of cations) of less than 35% at a depth of 125 cm below the upper boundary of the argillic horizon. That can be classified as Ultisol. It has udic soil moisture regime, and can be classified as Udult. Also it meets the requirements of Typic Hapludult. The typifying pedon has fine loamy particle-size class and mesic soil temperature class. Therefore it can be classified as fine loamy, mixed, mesic family of Typic Hapludult.

Type Location: About 150 meters south of the Gyeongnodang of Gayong Ri, Wando Eub, Wando Gun, Jeollanam Do (127^o 59' 20.6'', 35^o 01' 13.0'').

Range in Characteristics: These soils have ochric epipedons and argillic horizons. The solum thickness ranges from 100 to 150 cm and depth to hard rock is more than 2 meters. These soils have 10 to 35 percent of gravels in the profiles. Base saturation is less than 60 percent.  Reaction is very strongly to medium acid. Ap horizons are brown or dark yellowish brown gravelly loam or silt loam. Bt horizons are brown, strong brown, or dark yellowish brown gravelly clay loam or silty clay loam. C horizons are brown, dark brown, yellowish brown, strong brown, or dark yellowish brown silty clay loam, silt loam, loam, or clay loam with more gravels.

Competing Series and Their Differentiae: These are the Daeheung, Dojeon, and Bongsan soils. The Daegeung soils are derived from colluvial materials of the granite, granite gneiss and schist rocks. The Dojeon soils dre derived from limestone materials. The Bongsan soils occur on rolling to hilly areas and are derived from porphyry materials.

Setting: The Ugog soils occur on gently sloping to sloping mountain foot slopes derived mainly from acidic crystalline materials.

Principal Associated Soils: These are the Jeonnam, Gwangsan, Songjeong, and Asan soils in higher residual positions and the Chilgog and Daeheung soils in similar physiographic positions.

Drainage and Permeability: Well drained. Permeability is moderately slow. Runoff is moderate depending on the slope gradient.

Use and Vegetation: Most of these soils are used for red pepper, soybean, barley, wheat, cabbage, millet, tobacco, radish, and similar non irrigated upland crops.

Distribution and Extent: The Ugog soils are of small extent distributed on mountain foot slopes throughout the country.

Series Established: Milyang city, Gyeongsangnam Do, 1975. Revised, Wando Gun, Jeollanam Do, 2010.

Laboratory data sheets of typifying pedon.

Depth (cm)	Horizon	( --- Total ---)			(-- Clay --)		(-- Silt --)		(------- Sand -------)
		Clay	Silt	Sand	Fine	Coarse	Fine	Coarse	VF	F	M	C	VC
		LT	.002	.05	LT	LT	.002	.02	.05	.10	.25	.5	1
		.002	- .05	- 2	.0002	.002	- .02	- .05	- .10	- .25	- .50	- 1	- 2
		- - - - - - - - - - - Pct of ˂ 2mm (3A1) - - - - - - - - - - -
0-14	Ap	23.8	59.7	16.5					6.2	0.4	2.0	3.5	4.5
14-36	BA	25.6	60.4	14.1					6.8	0.4	1.4	2.8	2.6
36-77	Bt1	35.6	51.5	12.9					4.6	0.2	1.3	3.0	3.7
77-145	Bt2	32.9	54.0	13.1					4.2	0.2	1.3	3.7	3.7

Depth (cm)

Coarse Fractions(mm)

˃2mm

Orgn

Total

Extr

Total

(-- Dith -Cit --)

Weight

Wt

C

N

P

S

Extractable

2-5

5-20

20-75

.1-75

Pct of

Fe

Al

Mn

Whole

6A1c

6B3a

6S3

6R3a

6C2b

6G7a

6D2a

Pct of ˂ 75mm (3B1)

Soil

Pct ˂ 2mm

g/kg

Pct of ˂ 2mm

0-14

1.38

14-36

1.42

36-77

0.97

77-145

0.61

Depth (cm)

Ratio/Clay

Atterberg

( Bulk Density )

COLE

(- Water Content -)

WRD

CEC

1500

Limits

Field

33

Oven

Whole

Field

10

33

1500

Whole

kPa

LL

PI

Moist

kPa

Dry

Soil

Moist

kPa

kPa

kPa

Soil

8D1

8D1

4P1

4P

4A3a

4A1d

4A1h

4D1

4B4

4B1c

4B1c

4B2a

4C1

Pct ˂0.4mm

- - g/cc - -

cm/cm

-- Pct of ˂2mm --

cm/cm

0-14

0.69

1.33

23.7

14-36

0.58

1.39

25.6

36-77

0.53

1.18

24.7

77-145

0.49

Depth (cm)	( NH4OAc Extractable Bases )					Acid-	Extr	(----- CEC -----)			Al
	Ca	Mg	K	Na	Sum	ity	Al	Sum	NH4-	Bases	Sat
	5B5a	5B5a	5B5a	5B5a	Bases			Cats	OAc	+ Al
	6N2e	6O2d	6Q2b	6P2b		6H5a	6G9a	5A3a	5A8b	5A3b	5G1
	- - - - - - - - - - - - meq / 100g - - - - - - - - - - - -										Pct
0-14	5.5	1.1	0.4	0.1	7.1	14.9	0.7	22.0	16.4	7.8	9.0
14-36	2.0	0.6	0.2	0.1	2.9	16.4	4.6	19.3	14.9	7.5	61.1
36-77	4.1	1.4	0.3	0.1	5.9	14.0	1.7	20.0	18.8	7.7	22.5
77-145	3.4	1.0	0.3	0.1	4.8	14.4	2.8	19.2	16.0	7.6	36.6

Depth (cm)

(Base Sat)

CO3 as

Res

Cond

(------ pH ------)

Acid Oxalate Extraction

Sum

NH4-

CaCO3

NaF

KCl

CaCl2

H2O

Opt

Al

Fe

Si

OAc

˂2mm

.01M

Den

5C3

5C1

6E1g

8E1

8I

8C1d

8C1f

8C1f

8J

6G12

6C9a

6V2

---- Pct ----

ohms/cm

dS/m

1: 1

1: 2

1: 1

- Pct of ˂2mm -

0-14

32.4

43.5

4.0

4.8

5.5

14-36

15.2

19.6

3.5

4.0

4.7

36-77

29.7

31.5

4.0

4.6

5.4

77-145

25.1

30.1

4.0

4.5

5.0