The Sangju series are members of the coarse loamy, mixed, mesic family of Typic Dystrudepts [Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) classified by WRB]. These soils have dark yellowish brown sandy loam Ap horizons, dark yellowish brown sandy loam BA horizons, dark yellowish brown sandy loam Bw1 horizons, dark yellowish brown sandy loam Bw2 horizons, and yellowish brown sandy loam C horizons. They are developed in local alluvium and colluvium in local valleys derived from coarse textured light colored granitic materials.

Typifying pedon: Sangju sandy loam-soybean (Colors are for moist soil).

  Slope: 2-7%

  Elevation: 81 m above m.s.l.

  Soil moisture regime: Udic

  Soil temperature regime: Mesic

  Parent material: Alluvium-colluvium

  Diagnostic features: An ochric epipedon from a depth of 0 to 18 cm and a cambic horizon from a depth of 40 to 96 cm (A cambic horizon from a depth of 40 to 96 cm by WRB).

  Described by: Song, K. C., D. C. Noh, and S. J. Jung,  30 April, 2009.

Morphological properties of typifying pedon.

Ap  - 0 to 18 cm. Dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) sandy loam; weak fine to medium granular structure; friable, non sticky and non plastic; common fine roots; few fine pores; common very fine micas; few quartz grits; gradual smooth boundary.

BA - 18 to 40 cm. Dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, non sticky and non plastic; few fine roots; few fine pores; common very fine micas; few quartz grits; clear wavy boundary.

Bw1 - 40 to 63cm. Dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, non sticky and non plastic; few very fine roots; few fine pores; common very fine micas; few quartz grits; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw2 - 63 to 96 cm. Dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sandy loam; weak fine to medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and non plastic; no roots; few fine pores; common very fine micas; few quartz grits; clear smooth boundary.

C   - 96 to 150 cm. Yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam; structureless, massive; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few medium pores; common very fine micas; few quartz grits.

  The typifying pedon has an ochric epipedon from a depth of 0 to 18 cm, a cambic horizon from a depth of 40 to 96 cm. That can be classified as Inceptisol. It has an udic soil moisture regime and keys out as Udept. Also it meets the requirements of Typic Dystrudept. The typifying pedon has, in the fraction less than in diameter, 15% or more particles with diameters of 0.1 to 75 mm and, in the fine-earth fraction, less than 18% clay at the particle-size control section and mesic soil temperature regime. Therefore it can be classified as coarse loamy, mixed, mesic family of Typic Dystrudept.

Type Location: About 150 meters south of the Songrim Church, Songrim Ri, Ganam Myeon, Yeoju city, Gyeonggi Do (127° 38' 9.9'', 37° 11' 0.1'').

Range in Characteristics: These soils have ochric epipedons and cambic horizons. Solum thickness ranges from 50 to 100 cm. Depth to saprolites is about 200 cm and depth to hard rock is more than 3 meters. Reaction is very strongly to slightly acid. Base saturation is less than 60 percent except Ap horizons. Ap horizons are dark yellowish brown, brown, strong brown, or yellowish brown sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or loamy sand. Cambic B horizons are dark yellowish brown, yellowish brown, brownish yellow, light yellowish brown, or strong brown sandy loam or loam. C horizons are dark yellowish brown, brown, yellowish brown, or brownish yellow loamy sand, sandy loam, or loam.

Competing Series and Their Differentiae: These are the Jigog, Iwon, and Changgog soils. The Jigog soils occur on mountain foot slopes. The Iwon soils occur on mountain foot slopes and contain gravels, stone and boulders throughout the profiles. The Changgog soils occur on mountain foot slopes and are moderately well drained.

Setting: The Sangju soils occur on gently sloping to sloping undissected or slightly dissected local alluvial valleys and are formed in weakly stratified materials washed from granitic materials. Slopes range from 2 to 30 percent and 2 to 7 percent slopes are dominant.

Principal Associated Soils: In similar positions the Togye soils are associated. The Bonryang and Tongcheon soils are commonly on the flood plains below the Sangju soils. The Sachon soils are associated in the lower lying local valley alluvial plains. The Samgag and Dosan soils are associated at higher elevations and provide the source materials for the Sangju soils.

Drainage and Permeability: Well drained. Permeability is probably moderately rapid and runoff is medium.

Use and Vegetation: Most of the Sangju soils are used for barley, soybean, sesame, red pepper, mulberry, tobacco, and similar upland crops.

Distribution and Extent: The Sangju soils are of large extent and are distributed in the western parts of the country where coarse textured granitic soils occur.

Series Established: Sangju city, Gyeongsangbug Do, 1968. Revised, Yeoju city, Gyeonggi Do, 2009.

Laboratory data sheets of typifying pedon.

Depth (cm)	Horizon	( --- Total ---)			(-- Clay --)		(-- Silt --)		(------- Sand -------)
		Clay	Silt	Sand	Fine	Coarse	Fine	Coarse	VF	F	M	C	VC
		LT	.002	.05	LT	LT	.002	.02	.05	.10	.25	.5	1
		.002	- .05	- 2	.0002	.002	- .02	- .05	- .10	- .25	- .50	- 1	- 2
		- - - - - - - - - - - Pct of ˂ 2mm (3A1) - - - - - - - - - - -
0-18	Ap	8.6	15.2	76.2			5.6	9.6	5.5	134.	21.5	21.3	14.6
18-40	BA	6.9	11.1	82.0			5.9	5.2	6.4	15.1	25.1	23.3	12.0
40-63	Bw1	8.7	12.4	78.9			6.3	6.1	5.1	11.9	22.1	24.7	15.0
63-96	Bw2	9.9	16.1	74.0			9.5	6.6	5.4	11.5	21.4	23.3	12.4
96-150	C	10.8	17.7	71.5			12.0	5.7	5.0	10.3	19.4	21.7	15.0

Depth (cm)

Coarse Fractions(mm)

˃2mm

Orgn

Total

Extr

Total

(-- Dith -Cit --)

Weight

Wt

C

N

P

S

Extractable

2-5

5-20

20-75

.1-75

Pct of

Fe

Al

Mn

Whole

6A1c

6B3a

6S3

6R3a

6C2b

6G7a

6D2a

Pct of ˂ 75mm (3B1)

Soil

Pct ˂ 2mm

g/kg

Pct of ˂ 2mm

0-18

1.35

18-40

0.79

40-63

0.37

63-96

0.45

96-150

0.47

Depth (cm)

Ratio/Clay

Atterberg

( Bulk Density )

COLE

(- Water Content -)

WRD

CEC

1500

Limits

Field

33

Oven

Whole

Field

10

33

1500

Whole

kPa

LL

PI

Moist

kPa

Dry

Soil

Moist

kPa

kPa

kPa

Soil

8D1

8D1

4P1

4P

4A3a

4A1d

4A1h

4D1

4B4

4B1c

4B1c

4B2a

4C1

Pct ˂0.4mm

- - g/cc - -

cm/cm

-- Pct of ˂2mm --

cm/cm

0-18

0.81

1.21

10.8

18-40

0.75

1.38

12.7

40-63

0.44

1.58

10.6

63-96

0.48

1.56

12.6

96-150

0.52

1.52

15.8

Depth (cm)	( NH4OAc Extractable Bases )					Acid-	Extr	(----- CEC -----)			Al
	Ca	Mg	K	Na	Sum	ity	Al	Sum	NH4-	Bases	Sat
	5B5a	5B5a	5B5a	5B5a	Bases			Cats	OAc	+ Al
	6N2e	6O2d	6Q2b	6P2b		6H5a	6G9a	5A3a	5A8b	5A3b	5G1
	- - - - - - - - - - - - meq / 100g - - - - - - - - - - - -										Pct
0-18	4.4	2.1	0.8	0	7.3	8.6	0	15.9	7.0	7.3	0
18-40	1.0	0.5	0.2	0	1.7	10.3	0.4	12.0	5.2	2.1	19.0
40-63	0.6	0.3	0.1	0	1.0	11.2	1.0	12.2	3.8	2.0	50.0
63-96	0.8	0.5	0.2	0	1.6	12.2	0.7	13.8	4.7	2.3	30.4
96-150	1.0	0.7	0.3	0	1.9	8.3	0.3	10.2	5.6	2.2	13.6

Depth (cm)	(Base Sat)		CO3 as	Res	Cond	(------ pH ------)				Acid Oxalate Extraction
	Sum	NH4-	CaCO3			NaF	KCl	CaCl2	H2O	Opt	Al	Fe	Si
		OAc	˂2mm					.01M		Den
	5C3	5C1	6E1g	8E1	8I	8C1d		8C1f	8C1f	8J	6G12	6C9a	6V2
	---- Pct ----			ohms/cm	dS/m		1: 1	1: 2	1: 1		- Pct of ˂2mm -
0-18	46.0	100.0					5.3	5.6	6.1
18-40	14.2	32.8					3.6	4.1	4.8
40-63	8.2	26.2					3.3	3.8	4.5
63-96	11.3	32.8					3.3	3.9	4.6
96-150	19.0	35.0					3.5	4.1	4.9