The Jindo series are members of the fine loamy, mixed, mesic family of Typic Endoaqualfs [Gleyic Hydragric Anthrosols (Siltic Eutric) classified by WRB]. These soils have gray silt loam Ap horizons with strong brown mottles, dark gray gravelly silt loam BAg horizons with brown mottles, dark grayish brown gravelly silty clay loam Btg1 horizons with dark yellowish brown mottles, dark gray gravelly silty clay loam Btg2 horizons with dark yellowish brown mottles, and dark gray gravelly silty clay loam BCtg horizons with dark yellowish brown mottles. These soils occur on local alluvial valleys derived from porphyry rocks.

Typifying Pedon: Jindo silt loam-paddy rice (Colors are for moist soil).

  Slope: 2-7%

  Elevation: 17 m above m.s.l.

  Soil moisture regime: Aquic

  Soil temperature regime: Mesic

  Parent material: Alluvium-colluvium from porphyry

  Diagnostic features: An ochric epipedon from a depth of 0 to 14 cm and an argillic horizon from a depth of 32 to 160 cm (An anthraquic horizon from a depth of 0 to 32 cm and a hydragric horizon from a depth of 32 to 160 cm by WRB).

  Described by: Song, K. C., S. J. Jung, and D. C. Noh,  16 Nov., 2010.

Morphological properties of typifying pedon.

Ap  - 0 to 14 cm. Gray (2.5Y 5/1) silt loam; common fine to medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) mottles; structureless, puddled; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots; common fine pores; abrupt smooth boundary.

BAg - 14 to 30 cm. Dark gray (5Y 4/1) gravelly silt loam; common fine to medium prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) mottles; moderate fine to medium platy structure; firm, sticky and plastic; common fine to medium roots; common fine pores; 10% gravels; clear smooth boundary.

Btg1 - 30 to 42 cm. Dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) gravelly silty clay loam; common fine to medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) mottles; moderate fine to medium platy structure; firm, sticky and plastic; thin patch clay cutans; common fine roots; common fine to medium pores; common fine micas; few coarse worm holes; 15% gravels; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2 -  42 to 71 cm. Dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) gravelly silty clay loam; common fine to medium prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) mottles; moderate medium to coarse prismatic structure; firm, sticky and plastic; thick continuous clay cutans; few fine roots; common fine to medium pores; 20% gravels; clear wavy boundary.

BCtg - 71 to 160 cm. Dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) gravelly silty clay loam; common fine to medium prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) mottles; weak fine to medium prismatic structure; firm, sticky and plastic; thick continuous clay cutans; no roots; common fine to medium pores; few coarse worm holes; 15% gravels.

  The typifying pedon has an ochric epipedon from a depth of 0 to 14 cm, an argillic horizon from a depth of 30 to 160 cm, and a base saturation (by sum of cations) of 35% or more at 125 cm below the upper boundary of the argillic horizon. That can be classified as Alfisol. It has aquic conditions for some time in normal years in one or more horizons within 50 cm of the mineral soil surface, and has redoxmorphic features in all layers between a depth of 25 and 40 cm from the mineral soil surface and within the upper 12.5 cm of the argillic horizon, 50% or more redox depletions with chroma of 2 of less on the faces of peds and redox concentrations within peds. Therefore it can be classified Aqualf. It has endosaturation and keys out as Endoaqualf. Also it meets the requirements of Typic Endoaqualf.

  The typifying pedon has fine loamy particle-size class and mesic soil temperature class. Therefore it can be classified as fine loamy, mixed, mesic family of Typic Endoaqualf.

Type Location: About 400 meters north of the Naesamdangri Saemaeulhoegwan, Samdang Ri, Jisan Myeon, Jindo Gun, Jeollanam Do (126^o 10' 35.0'', 34^o 25' 44.9'').

Range in Characteristics: These soils have ochric epipedons and cambic horizons. The solum thickness ranges from 100 to 200 cm. Depth to hard rock is more than 3 meters. Ap horizons are olive gray or olive loam or silt loam with yellowish brown mottles. Bt horizons are olive gray, dark grayish brown, or grayish brown gravelly silty clay loam with yellowish brown, brown, or strong brown mottles. Gravel contents range from 10 to 35 percent throughout the profiles.

Competing Series and Their Differentiae: These are the Jisan, Yanggog, and Sinheung series. The  Jisan soils are derived from granitic materials. The Yanggog soils are derived from sandstone and conglomerate materials. The Sinheung soils occur on alluvial plains.

Setting: The Jindo soils are on gently sloping to sloping topography in local alluvial valleys derived from porphyry geology. The dominant slope is 2 to 7 percent and ranges from 2 to 30 percent.

Principal Associated Soils: These are Gagog soils in similar positions, the Gangjin soils in higher positions, the Bongsan, Nasan, Mudeung, and Taehwa in rolling to mountainous areas.

Drainage and Permeability: Imperfectly drained; slow runoff; slow permeability.

Use and Vegetation: These are used for rice.

Distribution and Extent: The Jindo soils are of small extent distributed on the southern parts of the country in porphyry geology.

Series Established: Jindo Gun, Jeollanam Do, 1977. Reviced, Jindo Gun, Jeollanam Do, 2011.

Laboratory data sheets of typifying pedon.

Depth (cm)	Horizon	( --- Total ---)			(-- Clay --)		(-- Silt --)		(------- Sand -------)
		Clay	Silt	Sand	Fine	Coarse	Fine	Coarse	VF	F	M	C	VC
		LT	.002	.05	LT	LT	.002	.02	.05	.10	.25	.5	1
		.002	- .05	- 2	.0002	.002	- .02	- .05	- .10	- .25	- .50	- 1	- 2
		- - - - - - - - - - - Pct of ˂ 2mm (3A1) - - - - - - - - - - -
0-14	Ap	19.7	71.3	9.0			45.1	26.2	1.8	2.1	1.9	2.3	0.8
14-30	BAg	22.1	63.3	14.6			36.2	27.1	2.5	3.8	3.6	3.6	1.2
30-42	Bt1	26.7	62.7	10.7			33.5	29.1	2.0	2.6	2.6	2.8	0.8
42-71	Bt2	25.7	64.9	9.4			31.0	33.9	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.4	0.8
71-160	BCt	25.8	57.7	16.4			21.8	35.9	3.6	5.8	3.4	2.7	0.8

Depth (cm)

Coarse Fractions(mm)

˃2mm

Orgn

Total

Extr

Total

(-- Dith -Cit --)

Weight

Wt

C

N

P

S

Extractable

2-5

5-20

20-75

.1-75

Pct of

Fe

Al

Mn

Whole

6A1c

6B3a

6S3

6R3a

6C2b

6G7a

6D2a

Pct of ˂ 75mm (3B1)

Soil

Pct ˂ 2mm

g/kg

Pct of ˂ 2mm

0-14

2.04

14-30

1.17

30-42

0.31

42-71

0.29

71-160

0.26

Depth (cm)

Ratio/Clay

Atterberg

( Bulk Density )

COLE

(- Water Content -)

WRD

CEC

1500

Limits

Field

33

Oven

Whole

Field

10

33

1500

Whole

kPa

LL

PI

Moist

kPa

Dry

Soil

Moist

kPa

kPa

kPa

Soil

8D1

8D1

4P1

4P

4A3a

4A1d

4A1h

4D1

4B4

4B1c

4B1c

4B2a

4C1

Pct ˂0.4mm

- - g/cc - -

cm/cm

-- Pct of ˂2mm --

cm/cm

0-14

0.79

1.17

39.0

14-30

0.54

1.43

28.2

30-42

0.41

1.51

24.9

42-71

0.46

1.48

25.9

71-160

0.44

Depth (cm)	( NH4OAc Extractable Bases )					Acid-	Extr	(----- CEC -----)			Al
	Ca	Mg	K	Na	Sum	ity	Al	Sum	NH4-	Bases	Sat
	5B5a	5B5a	5B5a	5B5a	Bases			Cats	OAc	+ Al
	6N2e	6O2d	6Q2b	6P2b		6H5a	6G9a	5A3a	5A8b	5A3b	5G1
	- - - - - - - - - - - - meq / 100g - - - - - - - - - - - -										Pct
0-14	5.1	1.7	0.1	0.4	7.3	12.7	0.5	20.0	15.5	7.8	6.5
14-30	6.2	2.4	0.1	0.3	9.0	8.2	0	17.2	12.0	9.0	0
30-42	5.6	2.1	0.1	0.3	8.0	8.4	0	16.4	10.9	8.0	0
42-71	5.3	1.9	0.1	0.3	7.6	16.0	0	23.6	11.8	7.6	0
71-160	5.8	2.4	0.1	0.3	8.6	8.9	0	18.5	11.3	8.6	0

Depth (cm)	(Base Sat)		CO3 as	Res	Cond	(------ pH ------)				Acid Oxalate Extraction
	Sum	NH4-	CaCO3			NaF	KCl	CaCl2	H2O	Opt	Al	Fe	Si
		OAc	˂2mm					.01M		Den
	5C3	5C1	6E1g	8E1	8I	8C1d		8C1f	8C1f	8J	6G12	6C9a	6V2
	---- Pct ----			ohms/cm	dS/m		1: 1	1: 2	1: 1		- Pct of ˂2mm -
0-14	36.6	47.2					4.7	5.1	5.5
14-30	52.5	75.1					6.0	6.4	7.1
30-42	49.0	73.8					6.2	6.5	7.2
42-71	32.2	64.3					5.4	5.7	6.3
71-160	46.7	76.1					6.3	6.5	7.3